1. Articles
a). Indefinite Articles: A and An
A or an can precede only singular count nouns, they mean one. They can be used in a general statement or to introduce a subject which has not been previously mentioned.
For Example :
· When I was at the zoo, I saw an elephant.
· I saw a boy in the street
Using a or an depends on the sound that begins the next word.
- a + singular noun beginning with a consonant: a boy, a car, a bike, a dog.
- an + singular noun beginning with a vowel: an elephant, an egg, an apple.
- a + singular noun beginning with a consonant sound: a user (sounds like 'yoo-zer,' begins with a consonant 'y' sound, so 'a' is used), a university.
b). Definite Article: The
The definite article is used before singular and plural nouns when the noun is specific or particular.
For Example :
· The girl in the cornet is my friend.
· I was happy to see the policeman who saved my cat.
2. Conditional Sentences
Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.
· Conditional Sentence Type 1
Form: If + Simple Present , Simple Future
Example :
(+) If I has enough money, I will buy a new car.
(-) If I don’t has enough money, I will not buy a new car.
(?) Will you buy a new car, if you has enough money?
· Conditional Sentence Type 2
Form: If + Simple Past , Past Future
Example :
(+) If I knew his address, I would send him the letter.
(-) If I don’t knew his address, I would not send him the letter.
(?) Would you send him the letter, if you knew his address?
· Conditional Sentence Type 3
Form: If + Past Perfect , Past Future Perfect
Example :
(+) If you had gone by car, you would have arrived in
(-) If you don’t had gone by car, you would have not arrived in
(?) Would have me arrived in
3. Nouns
A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea. Nouns are usually the first words which small children learn. A noun can function in a sentence as a subject, a direct object, an indirect object, a subject complement, an object complement, an appositive, an adjective or an adverb.
a). Countable Nouns
A countable noun is a noun with both a singular and a plural form, and it names anything (or anyone) that you can count.
Example : Book, student, person etc.
b). Uncountable Nouns
A uncountable noun is a noun which does not have a plural form, and which refers to something that you could (or would) not usually count. A uncountable noun always takes a singular verb in a sentence.
Example : Sugar, milk etc.
4. Adjectives
Adjectives fall into two categories : descriptive and limiting. Descriptive adjectives are those which describe the color, size, or quality of a person. Limiting adjectives place restrictions on the words they modify (quantity, distance etc.)
Descriptive : Beatiful, large, interesting etc.
Limiting : Many, much, few etc.
5. Adverb
